BPS Spectra, Barcodes and Walls

Abstract

BPS spectra give important insights into the non-perturbative regimes of supersymmetric theories. Often, from the study of BPS states, one can infer properties of the geometrical or algebraic structures underlying such theories. In this paper, we approach this problem from the perspective of persistent homology. Persistent homology is at the base of topological data analysis, which aims at extracting topological features from a set of points. We use these techniques to investigate the topological properties that characterize the spectra of several supersymmetric models in field and string theory. We discuss how such features change upon crossing walls of marginal stability in a few examples. Then we look at the topological properties of the distributions of BPS invariants in string compactifications on compact threefolds, used to engineer black hole microstates. Finally, we discuss the interplay between persistent homology and modularity by considering certain number theoretical functions used to count dyons in string compactifications and by studying equivariant elliptic genera in the context of the Mathieu moonshine.