Південний рубіж роменської культури

Abstract

У статті розглянуто пам'ятки літописних сіверян, що розташовані в середній та нижній течіях річок Псла та Ворскли. На підставі археологічних матеріалів окреслено їх територіальну структуру. Окрім цього уточнено південні межі поширення роменської культури.The article deals with the monuments of the chronicles Siverians, located in the middle and lower reaches of the Pesl and Vorskla rivers. On the basis of archaeological materials, their territorial structure is outlined. In modern scientific literature, there is a fairly established view that the carriers of the Romny culture were chosen to resettle the area that dominated the surrounding and used as much as possible the natural conditions for their protection. From this, the characteristic of the Romny settlements as a hillfort was followed. However, with the growth of the source base, there is a certain change in the views. So, now researchers of the Romny culture noted the predominance of open settlements over the hillforts. But it is fixed much in Poseymya. According to available archaeological sources, in the south-eastern borders of the Siverians, such predominance of open settlements over the hillforts does not exist. In the vicinity of almost fortification of the Romny culture there is only one settlement, although in some cases they are not recorded at all. It is possible that such placement of monuments is a specific feature of this territory, so to speak, a certain form of adaptation of the Siverian population to life on the steppe border. Note that in the Siversky Donets basin, on the border with the Khazar Kaganate, there are still unknown open settlements, and the most important type of settlements is the fortification itself — the hillfort. Thus, in the southern Siverian borders four groups of monuments are allocated. There are Zhurvanska and Poltava groups of monuments are located on Vorskla; on Psel — Kamenska and Nizhnio-Pisilska. In this regard, the southern boundaries of the spread of the Romny culture pass through the New Sanzhary — Ostapie — Lukimya.