Проблема идеологии в социологии общественных движений

Abstract

In the paper, the major problems pertaining to the analysis of ideology in the main paradigms of the post-World War II sociology of social movements have been identified. A common flaw in the paradigms of collective behavior and "resource mobilization" was the reduction of ideology to social-psychological processes or instrumental rationality based on the fundamental dichotomy between ideologicaland pragmatic behavior. The "new social movements", or identity paradigm created the necessary prerequisites for non-reductionist analysis of ideology; however, its solution to the problem of essentialism in the form of the over-extended concept of collective identity was unsatisfactory. In conclusion, the author makes some suggestions regarding a more adequate theory of ideology based on the "relational consensus" emerging among the researchers of social movements.