«Ліквідація» земель Селянського поземельного банку на Чернігівщині в роки столипінської аграрної реформи (1906–1917 рр.)

Abstract

У статті висвітлюється один з аспектів реалізації столипінської аграрної реформи на Чернігівщині (1906–1917 рр.), зокрема діяльність Селянського поземельного банку стосовно продажу селянам власних банківських земель.

В статье освещается один из аспектов реализации столыпинской аграрной реформы на Черниговщине (1906–1917 гг.), в частности деятельность Крестьянского поземельного банка по продаже крестьянам собственных банковских земель.

The article highlights one aspect of the implementation of the Stolypin’s agrarian reform on Chernihiv region (1906–1917), in particular, the activities of the Peasant Land Bank for the sale of own Bank lands to peasants. The financial side of Stolypin’s agrarian reform provided the Peasant Land Bank. The Peasant Bank had to acquire landlord lands and assistance in buying its farmers by providing loans. The sale of Peasant Bank lands to the peasants titled «liquidation» of bank lands. An assistance in the case of «liquidation» of bank lands was provided by the provincial and district land managemental commissions, created in 1906–1907. The main objective of the commissions was to promote of the Peasant Bank operations for the sale of the former landlord lands to peasants. In Chernihiv province «liquidation» works of the Peasant Land Bank estates during the Stolypin’s agrarian reform was carried out the most active in Horodnia district and less lively – in Nizhyn one. In 1906–1916 the Bank sold to the peasants of Chernihiv province 42,7 thousand dess. of bank lands for farms and land cuts. After beginning of the First World War the operations of the Peasant Bank on Chernihiv region and throughout the empire declined significantly, and in 1917 the Peasant Bank was eliminated. As a result, over the years of the agrarian reform on own lands of the Peasant Bank in Chernihiv province about a third of all farms and land cuts was created, this relative figure was one of the largest among all Ukrainian provinces. Thus, the «liquidation» activities of the Peasant Land Bank during the Stolypin’s agrarian reform period occupied an important place in the process of land reforms. On Chernihiv region the process of «liquidation» of bank lands in that time was one of the most active among all Ukrainian provinces.