Переписка крымских беев с турецким правительством как источник по истории Крымского ханства (по материалам архива Topkapi)

Abstract

Целью статьи является изучение эпистолярного наследия крымской аристократии как источника по истории Крымского ханства. В работе рассмотрены документы, которые раскрывают политическую картину региона и суть военных походов. Здесь так же показана борьба за престол в ханстве.

Метою статті є вивчення епістолярію кримської родової аристократії, як джерела з історії Кримського ханства. У роботі розглянуті документи, які належать перу кримських беїв. Також показана боротьба за престол у ханстві.

We learn that the Palace Museum Topkapı (Topkapı Sarayı Müzesi) – public institution subordinated to the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey. In the second half of XV – first half of XIX century it was the residence of the Ottoman sultans. Today its walls remains unique archival collections, many of which are sources in the history of Crimea in Medieval era. The aim of the article is to study epistolary of Crimean aristocracy as the source on the history of the Crimean Khanate. In the paper analyzes the documents which are penned by Crimean beys. Among them messages for Ottoman sultans, vizier and descendants of the Crimean throne. There are documents in the article that reveal the political situation of the region and the essence of military campaigns. We see the struggle for the throne which took place in the khanate. In messages and reports of Crimean Beys and murzas we learn about turmoil in the country during the days of Sahib Girays court. Sources also provide us with information about the nobleman named Eminek who had influence within the state, and in the international arena. Due to his activity in 1479 the sultan of the Ottoman port appointed Mengli Giray Khan for the second time. Also we get information about “tamga”s belong to different aristocracy clans and and become acquainted with the names of the most powerful among them. Аrticle will be interesting for people involved in oriental studies. Much of the documents have unique importance for the history of the Black Sea region as a whole.