Українські письменники-просвітники про природне право особистості

Abstract

У статті проаналізовано художні інтерпретації ідеї природного права особистості в доробку письменників-просвітників, зокрема Семена Климовського, Михайла Козачинського, Якова Козельського. Акцентовано на європейській спрямованості як їхньої творчості загалом, так і тлумачень природного права особистості.

The paper concentrates on the specific of interpreting natural right in the works by Ukrainian writers representing the age of Enlightenment. The researchers give definition of the national idea and offer an attempt of applying this concept to the theoretical framework of the Enlightenment. The corresponding ideas and ways of presenting them in the works by Semen Klymovskyi, Mykhailo Kozachynskyi, Yakiv Kozelskyi have been analyzed. The authors’ comprehension of the idea of natural human rights must be considered taking in the account the real status of the Ukrainian territories at the time. The authors describe an ideal ruler in the poetic visions based on the foreign history, with a projection on Ukrainian life. Much attention was paid to the necessary character traits of the ruler. A special emphasis was made on wisdom and honesty. The wise rulers promote the state’s development in a progressive way, beneficial to the people. The paper also represents the authors’ views on modernizing and updating the Cossack traditions, adapting them to new circumstances. The attention is focused on a personality, on the observance and realization of one’s natural rights. Ukrainian people are characterized in the context of the state and its functioning. The literary heritage of the Enlightenment writers is integrated into the Western European tradition. To say in modern terms, they emphasized that the natural law and social contract were necessary for the construction of a new Ukrainian state and creating conditions for the development of individuality. The authors also paid attention to the importance of culture as a means of preserving national identity in public life. All these ideas, as they were considered in the works, involved the biblical accent due to the long tradition of Christian moral principles.

В статье анализируются особенности художественных интерпретаций идеи природного права личности в творчестве писателей-просветителей, в частности Семена Климовского, Михаила Козачинского, Якова Козельского. Акцентируется на европейской направленности их творчества в общем и интерпретациях природного права личности в частности.