ISSN 1561-9087 à¨ª« ¤­  £÷¤à®¬¥å ­÷ª . 2001. ’®¬ 3 (75), N 1. ‘. 46{51 “„Š 533.6.697 Šˆ…Œ€’ˆŠ€’…—…ˆŸ ‚ ’“ˆŠŽ‚Ž‰—€‘’ˆ ‚ˆ•…‚Ž‰ Š€Œ…› . €. Œ€Š€…ŠŽ, ‚. . ’“ˆŠ  æ¨®­ «ì­ë© â¥å­¨ç¥áª¨© ã­¨¢¥àá¨â¥â “ªà ¨­ë \Šˆ", Š¨¥¢ ®«ã祭® 20.03.2000 à¨¢®¤ïâáï १ã«ìâ âë íªá¯¥à¨¬¥­â «ì­®£®¨áá«¥¤®¢ ­¨ï®á।­¥­­®£® â¥ç¥­¨ï ¢ â㯨ª®¢®© ç á⨠樫¨­¤à¨ç¥áª®© ª ¬¥àë á â ­£¥­æ¨ «ì­ë¬ ¯®¤¢®¤®¬ ¢ ­¥¥ § â®¯«¥­­®© ¢®§¤ãè­®© áâàã¨. ®ª § ­®, çâ® â ª®¥ â¥ç¥­¨¥ á®á⮨⠨§ \¢«®¦¥­­ëå" ®¤­  ¢ ¤àã£ãî ªà㯭®¬ áèâ ¡­ëå ¢¨åॢëå áâàãªâãà. à¥¤«®¦¥­ë í¬¯¨à¨ç¥áª¨¥ § ¢¨á¨¬®áâ¨, ®¯¨á뢠î騥 £¥®¬¥âà¨î £« ¢­®£® ¯¥à¨ä¥à¨©­®£® ᯨࠫ¥¢¨¤­®£® ¯®â®ª  ¨ à á¯à¥¤¥«¥­¨¥ ¢ å à ªâ¥à­ëå ¥£® §®­ å ¯à®¤®«ì­ëå ¯à®¥ªæ¨© ®á।­¥­­®© ᪮à®áâ¨.  ¢¥¤¥­® १ã«ìâ â¨ ¥ªá¯¥à¨¬¥­â «ì­®£® ¤®á«i¤¦¥­­ï ãá¥à¥¤­¥­®ù â¥çiù ¢ âã¯iª®¢i© ç á⨭i 樫i­¤à¨ç­®ù ª ¬¥à¨ § â ­£¥­æi «ì­¨¬ ¯i¤¢®¤®¬ ¤® ­¥ù § â®¯«¥­®£® ¯®¢iâàï­®£® áâà㬥­ï. ‚¨ï¢«¥­®, é® â ª  â¥çiï ¬iáâ¨âì \㪫 ¤¥­i" ®¤­  ¢ ¤àã£ã ¢¥«¨ª®¬ áèâ ¡­i ¢¨å஢i áâàãªâãà¨. ‡ ¯à®¯®­®¢ ­® ¥¬¯iàiç­i á¯i¢¢i¤­®è¥­­ï, é® ®¯¨áãîâì £¥®¬¥- âàiî £®«®¢­®£® ¯¥à¨ä¥ài©­®£® á¯ià «¥¯®¤i¡­®£® ¯®â®ªã â  à®§¯®¤i« ã å à ªâ¥à­¨å ©®£® §®­ å ®á쮢¨å ¯à®¥ªæi© ãá¥à¥¤­¥­®ù 袨¤ª®áâi. The results of the experimental study of average current in dead end part of the cylindrical camera with the tangential supply of closed air jet are submitted. It is shown that a current consists \embedded" one into other large-scale vortex structures. The empirical formulas, describing geometry of the main peripheral spiral ow and axial projections of average velocity distribution, are o ered. ‚‚…„…ˆ… ˆ­â¥à¥á ª ¨áá«¥¤®¢ ­¨ï¬ â¥ç¥­¨© ¢ ¢¨åॢëå ª ¬¥à å (‚Š) ®áâ ¥âáï ­¥¨§¬¥­­® ¢ë᮪¨¬ ¢ á¢ï- §¨ á ¨å ᯮᮡ­®áâìî ¯à¨ à æ¨®­ «ì­®© ®à£ ­¨§ - 樨 à ¡®ç¥£® ¯à®æ¥áá  áãé¥á⢥­­® ¨­â¥­á¨ä¨æ¨- ஢ âì ¯¥à¥¬¥è¨¢ ­¨¥ ¦¨¤ª®á⥩ ¨ £ §®¢, à á¯ë« á।, ¨å í¦¥ªâ¨à®¢ ­¨¥, ¯à®¤ã¢ªã á¨á⥬, ®áãé¥- á⢫ïâì ⥬¯¥à âãà­ãî âà ­áä®à¬ æ¨î, ¢¨åà¥- ¢ãî áâ ¡¨«¨§ æ¨î í«¥ªâà¨ç¥áª®© ¤ã£¨, ã¯à ¢«¥- ­¨¥ ¯®â®ª ¬¨ (¢¨åà¥¢ë¥ ª« ¯ ­ë) ¨ â.¯. ˆ§ã祭¨î å à ªâ¥à¨á⨪ ¯à®â®ç­ëå ç á⥩ ‚Š ¯®á¢ïé¥­ë ¬­®£®ç¨á«¥­­ë¥ à ¡®âë ƒ. . €¡à ¬®¢¨ç , ‹. €. ‚㫨á , . . “á⨬¥­ª®, . . €å¬¥¤®¢ , Œ. €. ƒ®«ì¤è⨪ , . . ‚®«çª®- ¢ , „. ‹¨««¨ ¨ ¤à. [1{4]. Ž¤­ ª® ¯à ªâ¨ç¥áª¨ ­¥ 㤥«ï«®áì ¢­¨¬ ­¨ï á«®¦­®¬ã ¤¢¨¦¥­¨î ¦¨¤- ª®á⨠¢ â㯨ª®¢®© ç á⨠‚Š. ˆáª«î祭¨¥ á®áâ - ¢«ïîâ «¨èì ­¥ª®â®àë¥ ¨áá«¥¤®¢ ­¨ï ⮫쪮 â®à- 楢ëå íä䥪⮢ ¢ ª®à®âª¨å ‚Š, ¯à¥¤áâ ¢«ïîé¨å, ¡¥áᯮ୮, â ª¦¥ §­ ç¨â¥«ì­ë© ⥮à¥â¨ç¥áª¨© ¨ ¯à¨ª« ¤­®© ¨­â¥à¥á [4]. 1. Ž‘’€Ž‚Š€ ‡€„€—ˆ   ¯¥à¢®¬ íâ ¯¥ áâ ¢¨âáï § ¤ ç  íªá¯¥à¨¬¥­- â «ì­®£® ¨áá«¥¤®¢ ­¨ï ¬ ªà®áâàãªâãàë â㯨ª®- ¢ëå â¥ç¥­¨© ¢ ‚Š ¤«ï ¢ëïá­¥­¨ï ¬¥å ­¨§¬  ¨å ®¡à §®¢ ­¨ï,   â ª¦¥ ¢«¨ï­¨ï ­  ª à⨭ã â¥ç¥- ­¨ï à §«¨ç­ëå £¥®¬¥âà¨ç¥áª¨å ¨ ०¨¬­ëå ä ª- â®à®¢: 㣫®¢ â ­£¥­æ¨ «ì­®á⨠®ª®­ ®¤¨­®ç­ëå ¢¯ã᪭ëå ᮯ¥«, 㣫®¢ à á¯®«®¦¥­¨ï íâ¨å ®ª®­ ¯® ®â­®è¥­¨î ª ¯à®¤®«ì­®© ®á¨ 樫¨­¤à  ‚Š, £«ã¡¨- ­ë ãáâ ­®¢ª¨ â®àæ  ®â­®á¨â¥«ì­® ¢¯ã᪭®£® ᮯ- « , ç¨á«  ¥©­®«ì¤á  ¯®¤¢®¤¨¬®£® (ᮯ«®¢®£®) ¯®- ⮪ . ‚ ª ç¥á⢥ à ¡®ç¥© ¦¨¤ª®á⨠¨á¯®«ì§®¢ «áï ¢®§¤ãå, ç¨á«  Œ å  ­¥ ¯à¥¢ëè îâ 0.2. 2. Š‘…ˆŒ…’€‹œ€Ÿ “‘’€Ž‚Š€ ˆ Œ…’Ž„ˆŠ€ Ž‚…„…ˆŸ Ž›’Ž‚ ªá¯¥à¨¬¥­âë ¯à®¢®¤¨«¨áì ­   íத¨­ ¬¨ç¥- ᪮¬ á⥭¤¥, ᮧ¤ ­­®¬ ᮢ¬¥áâ­® á o⤥«®¬ £¨- ¤à®¡¨®­¨ª¨ ¨ ã¯à ¢«¥­¨ï ¯®£à ­¨ç­ë¬ á«®¥¬ ˆ­- áâ¨âãâ  £¨¤à®¬¥å ­¨ª¨ € “ªà ¨­ë ¤«ï ¨áá«¥- ¤®¢ ­¨© ¢­ãâ७­¨å ¢¨åॢëå â¥ç¥­¨©. ‘⥭¤ á®- á⮨⠨§ íªá¯¥à¨¬¥­â «ì­®© ãáâ ­®¢ª¨ á ¯à®§à ç- ­®© ¢¨åॢ®© ª ¬¥à®© ¨ ª®¬¯«¥ªá  ¨§¬¥à¨â¥«ì­®© ¨ ॣ¨áâà¨àãî饩  ¯¯ à âãàë. „«ï ¤®á⨦¥­¨ï 楫¥© ¤ ­­®© à ¡®âë íªá¯¥à¨¬¥­â «ì­ ï ãáâ ­®¢- ª  (à¨á. 1) ¢ª«îç «  ¢ ᥡï: ¢¨åॢãî ª ¬¥àã { ¨§£®â®¢«¥­­ãî ¨§ ®à£ ­¨ç¥áª®£® á⥪«  ªà㣫®- 樫¨­¤à¨ç¥áªãî âàã¡ã 1 ¢­ãâ७­¨¬ ¤¨ ¬¥â஬ d 0 = 102 ¬¬, ¤«¨­®© l 0 = 635 ¬¬ á 䨪á¨àã- ¥¬ë¬ ¢ à §«¨ç­ëå ¯®§¨æ¨ïå â®à殬 2 ¨ ­ ¡®- ஬ ®¤¨­®ç­ëå ¢¯ã᪭ëå ᮯ¥« 3 á â ­£¥­æ¨ «ì­® à á¯®«®¦¥­­ë¬¨ ®ª­ ¬¨; 業â஡¥¦­ë© ¢¥­â¨«ï- â®à 4 ⨯  \Š€"; ¯à¥¤¢ª«î祭­ë© âàã¡®¯à®- ¢®¤ 5; à á室®¬¥à­ë© ãç á⮪ 6 á ­ ¯®à­®© âàã¡- ª®© ‚’ˆ ª à ­¤ è­®£® ⨯  7; 訡¥à 8. ‚室- ­ë¥ á¥ç¥­¨ï ᮯ¥« ¨¬¥«¨ ¯àאַ㣮«ì­ãî ä®à¬ãá® áªà㣫¥­¨ï¬¨ ¯à¨ ¢¥à設 å á ¢¥àå­¨¬¨ ¯à¥¤¥« - 46 c . €. Œ ª à¥­ª®, ‚. . ’ãਪ , 2001 ISSN 1561-9087 à¨ª« ¤­  £÷¤à®¬¥å ­÷ª . 2001. ’®¬ 3 (75), N 1. ‘. 46{51 ¨á. 1. ‘奬  íªá¯¥à¨¬¥­â «ì­®© ãáâ ­®¢ª¨ ( ) ¨ ¢¯ã᪭®£® ᮯ«  (¡) ¬¨ ¤¨ ¯ §®­  ¢ àì¨à®¢ ­¨ï à §¬¥à®¢ 4125 ¬¬ 2 . “£«ë â ­£¥­æ¨ «ì­®á⨠à á¯®«®¦¥­¨ï ®ª®­ ᮯ¥« á®áâ ¢«ï«¨ = 32 o :::90 o , ®á¥¢ë¥ 㣫ë, â.¥. ã£«ë ¬¥¦¤ã ¯à®¤®«ì­ë¬¨ ®áﬨ ᮯ¥« ¨ âàã¡ë ‚Š, = BnZr20 o ::: + 20 o (®âà¨æ â¥«ì­ë¥ §­ ç¥­¨ï á®- ®â¢¥âáâ¢ãî⠮ਥ­â æ¨¨ ®ª­  ᮯ«  ¯® ­ ¯à ¢«¥- ­¨î ª â®àæã, ¯à¨ ¯®«®¦¨â¥«ì­ëå { ᮯ«® ¯®¢¥à- ­ãâ® ¢ áâ®à®­ã ¯à®â®ç­®© ç á⨠‚Š). ¥£ã«¨à®- ¢ ­¨¥ à á室  ­  ­ £­¥â ­¨¨ ¢¥­â¨«ïâ®à  á ¯®¬®- éìî 訡¥à  8 ®¡¥á¯¥ç¨¢ «® ¤¨ ¯ §®­ ¢ àì¨àã¥- ¬ëå ç¨á¥« ¥©­®«ì¤á  ¯® ¯ à ¬¥âà ¬ ¢¯ã᪭®£® ᮯ«  Re c = 45000:::80000.  ­¥¥ ­ ¬¨ ¯ã⥬ áâ஡®áª®¯¨à®¢ ­¨ï â¥ç¥­¨ï ¡ë«¨ ¨§¬¥à¥­ë à ¤¨ «ì­ë¥ ¨ ¯à®¤®«ì­ë¥ à á¯à¥- ¤¥«¥­¨ï â ­£¥­æ¨ «ì­ëå ᪮à®á⥩ ¢ â㯨ª®¢®© ®¡« á⨠‚Š, ¯®¤â¢¥à¦¤ î騥, ¢ ®á­®¢­®¬, ¯à ¢®- ¬¥à­®áâì ¬®¤¥«¨ ᢮¡®¤­®-¢ë­ã¦¤¥­­®£® ¢¨åàï ¢ ¯®¯¥à¥ç­ëå á¥ç¥­¨ïå â㯨ª®¢®© ç áâ¨, ­¥ áç¨â ï â¥ç¥­¨ï ¢ ¯®£à ­¨ç­®¬ á«®¥ [5]. ®á«¥¤ãîé ï ¢¨- §ã «¨§ æ¨ïâ¥ç¥­¨© ¢ ‚Š á ¯®¬®éìî ¦¨¤ª®£®  §®- â  ¨ ¬®­®¤¨á¯¥àá­ëå ¯®à®èª®¢ ¯®ª § «  ­ «¨ç¨¥ ¢ â㯨ª®¢®© ®¡« á⨠á¨á⥬ë ॣã«ïà­ëå, ¯®¤- ¢«®¦¥­­ëå ¤à㣠¢ ¤à㣠 ªà㯭®¬ áèâ ¡­ëå ¢¨- åॢëå áâàãªâãà á à §«¨ç­ë¬¨ §­ ª ¬¨ ®á¥¢ëå (¢¤®«ì âàã¡ë ‚Š) ᪮à®á⥩. „«ï á®áâ ¢«¥­¨ï ¡®- «¥¥ ¯®«­®£® ¯à¥¤áâ ¢«¥­¨ï ®ª¨­¥¬ â¨ª¥ â㯨ª®¢®- £® â¥ç¥­¨ï ¡ë«¨ ¯à®¢¥¤¥­ë ¨§¬¥à¥­¨ï à á¯à¥¤¥- «¥­¨© ®á¥¢ëå ᪮à®á⥩ á ¯®¬®éìî íªà ­¨à®¢ ­- ­®£® ’-®¡à §­®£® ­ á ¤ª  ­ àã¦­ë¬ ¤¨ ¬¥â஬ íªà ­  6 ¬¬, ¨¬¥î饣® ¨¤¥­â¨ç­ë¥ ãá«®¢¨ï ­ - ¡¥£ ­¨ï ¯®â®ª  ª ª ᯥ।¨, â ª ¨ ᧠¤¨.  - á ¤®ª ¯à¥¤¢ à¨â¥«ì­® £à ¤ã¨à®¢ «áï á ¯®¬®éìî ®¡à §æ®¢®© âà㡪¨ ¨â®-à ­¤â«ï, ã£«ë ­¥çã¢- á⢨⥫쭮á⨠¯à¨ ®âª«®­¥­¨¨ ­ á ¤ª ®â ¢¥ªâ®à  «®ª «ì­®© ᪮à®á⨠­ ¡¥£ î饣® ¯®â®ª  á®áâ ¢¨- «¨ 40 o . à¨¬¥­¥­¨¥ ᯥ樠«ì­® ࠧࠡ®â ­­®£® ª®®à- ¤¨­ â­®£® ãáâனá⢠, ¯®§¢®«ïî饣® ¢¢®¤¨âì ’- ®¡à §­ë© íªà ­¨à®¢ ­­ë© ­ á ¤®ª á â®àæ  ‚Š, ®¡¥á¯¥ç¨«® ¢®§¬®¦­®áâì ¨§¬¥à¥­¨© ®á¥¢ëå ᪮à®- á⥩ ®¡®¨å §­ ª®¢ á è £ ¬¨ 5 ¬¬ ¯® ¤¨ ¬¥âàã ¨ 10 ¬¬ ¯® ®âà¨æ â¥«ì­®© ¯®«ã®á¨ â㯨ª®¢®© ç á⨠樫¨­¤à  ‚Š. Žâ­®á¨â¥«ì­ ï £«ã¡¨­  à á¯®«®¦¥- ­¨ï â®àæ  ®â á¥à¥¤¨­ë ®ª­  ¢¯ã᪭®£® ᮯ«  ¢ - àì¨à®¢ « áì ¢ ¤¨ ¯ §®­¥ L = L=d 0 =1.82...4.4. 3. Ž‘“†„…ˆ… ˆ ŽŽ™…ˆ… Ž›’›• „€›• ¥ª®â®àë¥ â¨¯¨ç­ë¥ १ã«ìâ âë ¨§¬¥à¥­¨© à ¤¨ «ì­ëå à á¯à¥¤¥«¥­¨© ®á¥¢ëå ᪮à®á⥩ ¢®§- ¤ãå  ¢¤®«ì â㯨ª®¢®© ®¡« áâ¨, ¯®«ã祭­ë¥ ¢ ¡®- «¥¥, 祬 70 á¥à¨ïå ®¯ë⮢, ¯à¥¤áâ ¢«¥­ë ­  ¤¨ - £à ¬¬ å ¯àאַ£® ¨ ®¡à â­®£® â¥ç¥­¨© (à¨á. 2) ¨ £à ä¨ª å (à¨á. 3) (r = r=r 0 , £¤¥ r ¨ r 0 { á®®â- ¢¥âá⢥­­® ⥪ã騩 à ¤¨ãá ¨ à ¤¨ãá âàã¡ë ‚Š; x = x=d 0 { ¡¥§à §¬¥à­ ï ¯à®¤®«ì­ ï ª®®à¤¨­ â  ⥪ã饣® ¯®¯¥à¥ç­®£® á¥ç¥­¨ï ®â­®á¨â¥«ì­® á¥à¥- ¤¨­ë ®ª­  ¢¯ã᪭®£® ᮯ« ). ˆå  ­ «¨§,   â ª¦¥ १ã«ìâ âë ¯à¥¤ë¤ã饩 à ¡®âë  ¢â®à®¢ [5] ¯®- . €. Œ ª à¥­ª®, ‚. . ’ãਪ 47 ISSN 1561-9087 à¨ª« ¤­  £÷¤à®¬¥å ­÷ª . 2001. ’®¬ 3 (75), N 1. ‘. 46{51 ¡   ¨á. 2. Š à⨭ë â¥ç¥­¨© ¢ â㯨ª®¢®© ç á⨠‚Š ¯à¨ Re c = 78000, (á¥àë¬ æ¢¥â®¬ ¯®ª § ­® â¥ç¥­¨¥ ª â®àæã, ¡¥«ë¬ { ®â â®àæ ):   { ᮯ«® á = 66:75 o , = 0 o ; ¡ { ᮯ«® á = 33:2 o , = 0 o §¢®«ïî⮯¨á âì ¨­â¥£à «ì­ãî ª à⨭ãä®à¬¨à®- ¢ ­¨ï á«®¦­®£® â¥ç¥­¨ï ¢ ‚Š á«¥¤ãî騬 ®¡à §®¬. ®«ã®£à ­¨ç¥­­ ï áâàãï, ¢å®¤ïé ï ¢ 樫¨­¤à¨- ç¥áªãî ç áâì ‚Š ¨§ ᮯ«  á ⮩ ¨«¨ ¨­®© áâ¥- ¯¥­ìî â ­£¥­æ¨ «ì­®áâ¨, ®¡« ¤ ¥â ¬ ªá¨¬ «ì­®© ª¨­¥â¨ç¥áª®© í­¥à£¨¥© ¨, à áè¨àïïáì, ¤¥«¨âáï ­  ¯à®â®ç­ãî ¨ â㯨ª®¢ãî ç á⨠á ᮮ⢥âáâ¢ãî- 騬¨ á¨á⥬ ¬¨ ¢¨åॢëå áâàãªâãà. ¥à¢¨ç­ë¬ ä ªâ®à®¬, ®¯à¥¤¥«ïî騬 ª à⨭ã â㯨ª®¢®£® â¥- 祭¨ï, ï¥âáï ¯®­¨¦¥­¨¥ ¤ ¢«¥­¨ï ¢ ¯à¨®á¥¢®© §®­¥ 樫¨­¤à  ¢ à ©®­¥ ᮯ«  ¢á«¥¤á⢨¥ ¤¥©á⢨ï 業â஡¥¦­®© á¨«ë ­  ¢å®¤ïéãî áâàãî. ‚ à¥- §ã«ìâ â¥ ¢®§­¨ª ¥â ¯¥à¥à á¯à¥¤¥«¥­¨¥ í­¥à£¨¨ ¢ ­¥ª®â®à®© ®ªà¥áâ­®á⨠®á¨ 樫¨­¤à  ¯® ­ ¯à - ¢«¥­¨î ª â®àæã, ¢ë§ë¢ î饥 í¦¥ªâ¨àãî饥 ¢®§- ¤¥©á⢨¥ ¯®â®ª  ¯à®â®ç­®£® âà ªâ  ­  ¯à¨®á¥¢ë¥ ¢®§¤ãè­ë¥ ¬ ááë â㯨ª®¢®© ®¡« á⨠¨ ®â⮪ íâ¨å ¬ áá á ¬¨­¨¬ «ì­®© â ­£¥­æ¨ «ì­®© ᪮à®áâìî ¢ áâ®à®­ã ᮯ« . “á«®¢¨¥ á®åà ­¥­¨ï ᯫ®è­®á⨠â¥ç¥­¨ï âà¥- ¡ã¥â ®¡à §®¢ ­¨ï ª®¬¯¥­á¨àãî饩 ¯¥à¨ä¥à¨©­®© (­  ¡®«ìè¨å à ¤¨ãá å 樫¨­¤à ) §®­ë ¯à¨â®ª  ª â®àæã ¤«ï ­¥¬¥¤«¥­­®£® ¯®áâ㯫¥­¨ï ᢥ¦¨å ¬ áá ¢®§¤ãå  á® áâ®à®­ë ᮯ« , ®¡« ¤ îé¨å ¨§¡ëâ®ç- ­ë¬ § ¯ á®¬ í­¥à£¨¨. — áâì §®­ë ¯à¨â®ª  (­ - §®¢¥¬ ¥¥ £« ¢­®©) ä®à¬¨àã¥âáï ¢å®¤ï饩 ¢ ‚Š 48 . €. Œ ª à¥­ª®, ‚. . ’ãਪ ISSN 1561-9087 à¨ª« ¤­  £÷¤à®¬¥å ­÷ª . 2001. ’®¬ 3 (75), N 1. ‘. 46{51 ¡ a ¨á. 3. à¨¬¥à à ¤¨ «ì­®£® ¨ ¯à®¤®«ì­®£® à á¯à¥¤¥«¥­¨ï ®á¥¢ëå ᪮à®á⥩ â㯨ª®¢®£® â¥ç¥­¨ï ¢ å à ªâ¥à­ëå ¯®«ãá¥ç¥­¨ïå ¯à¨ Re c = 78000, L=d 0 = 4:4:   { ᮯ«® á = 66:75 o , = 0 o ; ¡ { ᮯ«® á = 33:2 o , = 0 o áâà㥩 á ¬ ªá¨¬ «ì­ë¬¬®¬¥­â®¬ ª®«¨ç¥á⢠ ¤¢¨- ¦¥­¨ï ¢ ¤¨ ¯ §®­¥ à ¤¨ãᮢ (0.77...0.9) r 0 [5] ¨ ¯à¨­¨¬ ¥â ãáâ ­®¢¨¢èãîáï ᯨࠫ¥¢¨¤­ãî ä®à- ¬ã.   à¨á. 2 á¥àë¬ æ¢¥â®¬ ¤¢ãå ®â⥭ª®¢ (¡®«¥¥ ⥬­ë© ®â¢¥ç ¥â ¡®«ì訬 §­ ç¥­¨ï¬ ®á¥¢®© ᪮- à®áâ¨) ¯®ª § ­ë á«¥¤ë à §¢¨â¨ï í⮣® â¥ç¥­¨ï ¢ áâ®à®­ã â®àæ . ‚â®à ï ç áâì ¯¥à¨ä¥à¨©­®© §®- ­ë ¯à¨â®ª  ®â¢¥ç ¥â ¬¥­ì訬 §­ ç¥­¨ï¬ à ¤¨ã- ᮢ, ®á¥¢ëå ¨ â ­£¥­æ¨ «ì­ëå ᪮à®á⥩ ¨ ¨¬¥¥â ä®à¬ã ¢®«­®®¡à §­®© 樫¨­¤à¨ç¥áª®© âà㡪¨, ¢® ¢­ãâ७­¥© ¯®«®á⨠ª®â®à®© ¤¢¨¦ãâáï ¢ ¯à®â¨- ¢®¯®«®¦­®¬ ­ ¯à ¢«¥­¨¨ ¯à¨â®àæ¥¢ë¥ ¬ ááë ¢®§- ¤ãå . “§ªãî §®­ã ®â⮪  ¬¥¦¤ã ¯¥à¢®© ¨ ¢â®à®© ç áâﬨ â¥ç¥­¨ï ª â®àæã ¬®¦­® ®¡êïá­¨âì ¢ëâ¥á- ­ïî騬 ¤¥©á⢨¥¬ ­  ¯à¨â®à楢®© ®¡ê¥¬ ¢®§¤ãå  ­ ¨¡®«¥¥ í­¥à£®¥¬ª®£® £« ¢­®£® ¯®â®ª  ¨ ¥£® ¢§ - ¨¬®¤¥©á⢨¥¬ á â®à殬 ‚Š. “ç¨â뢠ï, çâ® ®á¥¢ë¥ ᪮à®á⨠£« ¢­®£® ¯®â®ª  ¢ á।­¥¬ ¢ 4 à §  ¡®«ì- è¥, 祬 ¢â®à®© ç á⨠§®­ë ¯à¨â®ª , ¬®¦­® áç¨- â âì, çâ® ¨¬¥­­® ᯨࠫ¥¢¨¤­ë© ¯®â®ª ®¯à¥¤¥«ï- ¥â £¥®¬¥âà¨î ®¡à §®¢ ¢è¨åáï ¢ â㯨ª®¢®© ®¡« - á⨠¯®¤¢«®¦¥­­ëå ¢¨åॢëå áâàãªâãà ¨ å à ªâ¥à à á¯à¥¤¥«¥­¨ï ᪮à®á⥩ ¢ ­¨å. ¥®¡å®¤¨¬® § ¬¥â¨âì, çâ® ¯à¨ ¢ àì¨à®¢ ­¨¨ ¢¥«¨ç¨­ë L ¨ ç¨á«  ¥©­®«ì¤á  Re c å à ªâ¥à ¤¢¨- ¦¥­¨ï £« ¢­®£® ¯®â®ª  ¢ 楫®¬ ®áâ ¥âáï ­¥¨§¬¥­- ­ë¬; ¢â®à ï ç áâì §®­ë ¯à¨â®ª  ª â®àæ㠯ਠ㬥­ì襭¨¨ ç¨á¥« Re c áâ ­®¢¨âáï ¬¥­¥¥ ¨­â¥­- ᨢ­®© ¨ ­¥áª®«ìª® á㦠¥âáï, à áè¨àïï ®¡« áâì 業âà «ì­®£® ®â⮪  ¢®§¤ãå . “¬¥­ì襭¨¥ 㣫  â ­£¥­æ¨ «ì­®á⨠ᮯ«  â ª¦¥ ¯à¨¢®¤¨â ª à á- è¨à¥­¨î ®¡« á⨠業âà «ì­®£® ®â⮪  ¢®§¤ãå  ª ¢ë室㠂Š, ®¤­ ª® £« ¢­ë© ᯨࠫ¥¢¨¤­ë© ¯®â®ª ª â®àæã ¯®-¯à¥¦­¥¬ã ¬®¦­® ¢ë¤¥«¨âì ¯® ®¡« - áâï¬ ¬ ªá¨¬ «ì­ëå §­ ç¥­¨© ®á¥¢ëå ᪮à®á⥩ (á¬. à¨á. 2,¡). à¨ ¨§¬¥­¥­¨¨ ®á¥¢ëå 㣫®¢ ¢ ¯à¨¢¥¤¥­­®¬ ¢ëè¥ ¤¨ ¯ §®­¥ §­ ç¥­¨© ®¡é¨© å à ªâ¥à à á- ¯à¥¤¥«¥­¨ï ¯®â®ª®¢ ¢ â㯨ª®¢®© ®¡« á⨠®áâ ¥â- áï, ¢ 楫®¬, ®¤¨­ ª®¢ë¬, ­¥ áç¨â ï \¯®¤¦ â¨ï" . €. Œ ª à¥­ª®, ‚. . ’ãਪ 49 ISSN 1561-9087 à¨ª« ¤­  £÷¤à®¬¥å ­÷ª . 2001. ’®¬ 3 (75), N 1. ‘. 46{51 ’ ¡«. 1. ‡­ ç¥­¨ï ª®íää¨æ¨¥­â®¢  i ˆ­¤¥ªá i A B C D E F 1 0.0947 0.1712 -1.3735 0.0802 -0.1536 1.3835 2 1.1724 -1.1916 5.1123 -0.5857 0.3313 -7.6913 3 -1.3224 -5.9792 35.056 -1.6378 3.8816 -39.749 4 -35.619 35.769 -137.67 15.414 -8.5273 218.61 5 2.8624 47.308 -223.23 7.1244 -20.17 285.37 6 260.28 -259.87 921.96 -99.765 46.921 -1540.5 7 0.1036 -0.2669 1.324 -0.1224 0.0159 -3.5293 8 -1.4671 1.3168 -4.7632 0.6587 0.1754 16.763 9 -3.2968 7.9542 -33.984 2.9112 -0.1822 99.933 10 42.152 -37.977 128.39 -17.622 -5.4475 -474.21 11 24.19 -57.122 216.52 -15.925 -4.0244 -702.28 12 -296.42 268.03 -858.62 115.02 47.67 3319 13 0.1314 -0.0949 -0.0525 0.063 -0.0701 0.6508 14 -0.2758 0.3355 -0.0941 -0.5750 -0.1432 -3.351 15 -3.4205 2.4621 0.3408 -2.0885 1.0144 -18.621 16 7.2583 -9.0841 4.7399 16.818 5.8111 95.148 17 21.256 -16.233 3.5915 16.576 -1.2598 133.58 18 -45.888 61.676 -43.957 -121.05 -51.165 -670.77 19 -0.0385 0.0645 -0.0315 -0.0142 0.0696 0.619 20 0.167 -0.2957 0.2483 0.4096 0.0227 -2.4287 21 1.3971 -1.8343 1.6954 0.7407 -1.282 -17.628 22 -5.2859 8.3819 -8.4833 -12.199 -1.889 68.899 23 -11.027 13.112 -15.574 -7.7518 4.7581 121.72 24 39.224 -59.074 66.027 89.863 20.817 -478.56 25 0.0932 -0.027 0.3517 0.0625 -0.003 -1.5142 26 -0.6993 0.2634 -1.0812 -0.1642 0.0055 6.4105 27 -2.7281 0.9479 -9.1458 -1.4302 -0.0648 42.476 28 19.94 -7.7859 29.116 4.0282 0.1179 -180.64 29 19.562 -8.1833 59.007 7.9062 0.4242 -292.53 30 -140.15 57.211 -194.46 -24.34 -0.7721 1253.8 31 -0.0676 0.0384 -0.3208 -0.0844 -0.0221 0.6602 32 0.4789 -0.257 1.0449 0.2281 0.1315 -2.6695 33 1.793 -1.1157 8.3359 2.1171 0.7708 -18.445 34 -13.326 7.3225 -28.207 -5.9568 -3.9811 75.078 35 -11.744 8 -51.823 -12.561 -5.0448 127.39 36 91.625 -51.507 185.33 37.548 27.181 -521.63 ᯨࠫ¥¢¨¤­®£® ¯®â®ª  ¢ áâ®à®­ã ¢å®¤  ¢ ‚Š ¯à¨ = BnZr20 o ¨ \à áâ殮­¨ï" ᯨࠫ¨ ¢ áâ®à®­ã â®à- æ  ¯à¨ = +20 o ¢¯à¥¤¥« å ¤®30 %, ¯à¨¢®¤ïé¨åª ᮮ⢥âáâ¢ãî騬 ᬥ饭¨ï¬ ¢â®à¨ç­ë姮­ ¯à¨- ⮪  ¨ ®â⮪  ¢®§¤ãå . “ç¨âë¢ ï ®¯à¥¤¥«ïî饥 ¢«¨ï­¨¥ ­  â㯨ª®¢ãî §®­ã â¥ç¥­¨ï £« ¢­®£® ᯨࠫ¥¢¨¤­®£® ¯®â®ª , ¢ ¤ ­­®© à ¡®â¥ (¢ ®â¬¥ç¥­­ëå ¢ëè¥ ¤¨ ¯ §®­ å ¨§¬¥­¥­¨ï £¥®¬¥âà¨ç¥áª¨å ¨ ०¨¬­ëå ¯ à ¬¥- â஢) ¯à®¢¥¤¥­® á«¥¤ãî饥 ®¡®¡é¥­¨¥ ®¯ëâ­ëå ¤ ­­ëå ¯® ¥£® £¥®¬¥âਨ ¨ ª¨­¥¬ â¨ª¥, ¢ ⮬ ç¨- á«¥ ª¨­¥¬ â¨ª¥ ¯®¤¢«®¦¥­­ëå ¢¨åॢëå áâàãªâãà ¯® å à ªâ¥à­ë¬ ¯®«ãá¥ç¥­¨ï¬ ¬ ªá¨¬ «ì­ëå §­ - 祭¨© ®á¥¢ëå ᪮à®á⥩, á¢ï§ ­­ë¬ ᮠᯨࠫ¥- ¢¨¤­ë¬ ¯®â®ª®¬ (á¬. ¢¥à⨪ «ì­ë¥ ®â१ª¨ ­  à¨á. 2).  á¯à¥¤¥«¥­¨¥ 㣫®¢®© ª®®à¤¨­ âë ' (à ¤) à á- ¯®«®¦¥­¨ï â®ç¥ª ¬ ªá¨¬ «ì­ëå §­ ç¥­¨© ®á¥¢ëå ᪮à®á⥩ ᯨࠫ¥¢¨¤­®£® ¯®â®ª  ¬®¦¥â ¡ëâì ®¯¨á ­® ä®à¬ã«®© '=jxj 2 ( (0:19 BnZr0:04)BnZr0:53 +0:74)+ +jxj( (BnZr0:13 BnZr0:37)+3:19 BnZr1:63)+ 50 . €. Œ ª à¥­ª®, ‚. . ’ãਪ ISSN 1561-9087 à¨ª« ¤­  £÷¤à®¬¥å ­÷ª . 2001. ’®¬ 3 (75), N 1. ‘. 46{51 + (1:56 BnZr0:5)BnZr3:28 +11:08; (1) £¤¥ (0:67 + 410 BnZr3 )  jxj L; =(0:56:::1:57)à ¤.; =(BnZr0:349:::+0:349)à ¤. Žâáç¥â ⥪ãé¨å §­ ç¥­¨© ' ¯à®¨§¢®¤¨âáï ®â ¢¥«¨ç¨­ë ' = 3, ãç¨â뢠î饩 ¯®«­ë© ®¡®à®â ­ ¨¡®«¥¥ í­¥à£®¥¬ª®© ç á⨠¢¨åàï ¢ á¥à¥¤¨­­®© ¯«®áª®á⨠ᮯ«®¢®£® ®ª­  ¨ â¥å­¨ç¥áªãî ¢®§¬®¦- ­®áâì ॣ¨áâà¨à®¢ ­¨ï ­ ç «ì­®£® ¬¥à¨¤¨®­ «ì- ­®£® á¥ç¥­¨ï £« ¢­®£® ᯨࠫ¥¢¨¤­®£® ¯®â®ª  ¯à¨ ' = 3.  á¯à¥¤¥«¥­¨ï ®á¥¢ëå ᪮à®á⥩ ¢®§¤ãå  ¢¤®«ì £« ¢­®£® ᯨࠫ¥¢¨¤­®£® ¯®â®ª  ¯® å à ªâ¥à­ë¬ ¯®«ãá¥ç¥­¨ï¬ â㯨ª®¢®© §®­ë â¥ç¥­¨ï á â®ç­®- áâìî ¤® 7 % (à¨á. 3) ®¡®¡é îâáï § ¢¨á¨¬®áâìî u = (Ar+B+cos(C r +D) 2 r E F)f(Re c ); (2) £¤¥ u{ ¡¥§à §¬¥à­ ï ®á¥¢ ï á®áâ ¢«ïîé ï ᪮à®- á⨠(®á।­¥­­ ï ¬¥áâ­ ï ᪮à®áâì u ¢¤®«ì ®á¨ x, ®â­¥á¥­­ ï ª á।­¥à á室­®© ᪮à®á⨠U ¢®§¤ãå  ¢ ¯à®â®ç­®© ç á⨠‚Š); f(Re c ) = BnZr1:1410 BnZr6 Re c +1:09+ +(BnZr1:1110 BnZr6 Re c + 0:086)L; A;B;C;D;E;F {í¬¯¨à¨ç¥áª¨¥ ä㭪樨,ª®â®àë¥, ¡ã¤ãç¨ ®¡®§­ ç¥­­ë¬¨ ç¥à¥§ , ¬®£ãâ ¡ëâì ¯à¥¤- áâ ¢«¥­ë ­¨¦¥á«¥¤ãî騬¨ à áç¥â­ë¬¨ § ¢¨á¨- ¬®áâﬨ ¨ â ¡«¨æ¥© 1 ¢å®¤ïé¨å ¢ ­¨å ª®íää¨æ¨- ¥­â®¢  i (i=1;36):  =  1 +  2 +  3 ; (3) £¤¥  1 = 2 ((( 1 L+ 2 )' 2 +( 3 L+ 4 )'+( 5 L+ 6 )) + +( 7 L + 8 )' 2 + ( 9 L+  10 )' + 11 L + 12 );  2 = ((( 13 L+ 14 )' 2 +( 15 L+ 16 )'+( 17 L+ + 18 )) + ( 19 L + 20 )' 2 +( 21 L+  22 )'+ + 23 L + 24 );  3 = (( 25 L + 26 )' 2 +( 27 L+  28 )'+ ( 29 L+ + 30 )) + ( 31 L + 32 )' 2 +( 33 L+  34 )'+ + 35 L + 36 : { 㣮«, å à ªâ¥à¨§ãî騩 â ­£¥­æ¨ «ì­®áâì ¢å®¤ï饩 áâàã¨, à ¤.: = BnZr0:3786 2 +1:3469 BnZr0:1823: ‡€Š‹ž—…ˆ… ‚¯¥à¢ë¥ ¯®«ãç¥­ë ®¯ëâ­ë¥ ¤ ­­ë¥ ® ¬­®£®- á«®©­®© áâàãªâãॠ®á।­¥­­®£® â¥ç¥­¨ï ¢ âã- ¯¨ª®¢®© ç á⨠¢¨åॢ®© ª ¬¥àë ¯à¨ à §«¨ç­ëå £«ã¡¨­ å à á¯®«®¦¥­¨ï â®àæ  ®â­®á¨â¥«ì­® ®¤¨- ­®ç­®£® ¢¯ã᪭®£® ᮯ« . Ž¯à¥¤¥«ïî饥 §­ ç¥- ­¨¥ ¢ ä®à¬¨à®¢ ­¨¨ \¢«®¦¥­­ëå" ¤à㣠¢ ¤à㣠 ªà㯭®¬ áèâ ¡­ëå ¢¨åॢëå ®¡à §®¢ ­¨© ¨¬¥îâ á⥯¥­ì â ­£¥­æ¨ «ì­®á⨠¢¯ã᪠ ¢®§¤ãå  ¢ æ¨- «¨­¤à ‚Š, 㣮« à á¯®«®¦¥­¨ï ®ª­  ᮯ«  ®â­®á¨- ⥫쭮 ®á¨ 樫¨­¤à  ¨ §­ ç¥­¨ï ç¨á«  ¥©­®«ì¤á  ¢å®¤ï饩 áâàã¨. ‚«¨ï­¨¥ ®â­®á¨â¥«ì­®© £«ã¡¨- ­ë à á¯®«®¦¥­¨ï â®àæ  ­  ®¡éãî ª à⨭ã à §- ¢¨â¨ï â㯨ª®¢®£® â¥ç¥­¨ï ¬¥­¥¥ áãé¥á⢥­­®, ¨á- ª«îç ï§­ ç¥­¨ï L ¬¥­¥¥ 1.9, ª®£¤ ®á­®¢­®©¢ª« ¤ ¢ ¯à®æ¥áá à á¯à¥¤¥«¥­¨ï ¢¨åॢëå áâàãªâãà ¢­®- á¨â ¥­¨¥ ¢§ ¨¬®¤¥©áâ¢¨ï ­ ¨¡®«¥¥ í­¥à£®¥¬ª®- £® ᯨࠫ¥¢¨¤­®£® ¯®â®ª  á ­¥¯®¤¢¨¦­ë¬ â®à殬. à¥¤«®¦¥­­ë¥ í¬¯¨à¨ç¥áª¨¥ ä®à¬ã«ë ¤«ï £¥®- ¬¥âà¨ç¥áª¨å ¨ ª¨­¥¬ â¨ç¥áª¨å ¯ à ¬¥â஢ á«®¦- ­®£® â㯨ª®¢®£® â¥ç¥­¨ï ¢ å à ªâ¥à­ëå ¯®«ãá¥- 祭¨ïå ®â­®á¨â¥«ì­® ᯨࠫ¥¢¨¤­®£® ¯®â®ª  ¬®- £ãâ ¡ëâì ¨á¯®«ì§®¢ ­ë ª ª ¯à¨ § ¤ ­¨¨ £à ­¨ç- ­ëå ãá«®¢¨© ¢ ¬ â¥¬ â¨ç¥áª¨å ¬®¤¥«ïå ¯®¤®¡­ëå â¥ç¥­¨©, â ª ¨ ¯à¨ ­¥¯®á।á⢥­­ëå à áç¥â å ¨ ¯à®¥ªâ¨à®¢ ­¨¨ è¨à®ª®£® ª« áá  ¢¨åॢëå  ¯¯ - à â®¢. €¢â®àë ¡« £®¤ àïâ ¯à®ä.  ¡¥­ª® ‚.‚. §  ¯®- áâ®ï­­®¥ ¢­¨¬ ­¨¥ ¨ ¯®¤¤¥à¦ªã ¯à¨ ¯à®¢¥¤¥­¨¨ ¨áá«¥¤®¢ ­¨ï. 1. ƒ®«ì¤è⨪ Œ. €. ‚¨åà¥¢ë¥ ¯®â®ª¨.{ ®¢®á¨¡¨àáª:  ãª , ‘¨¡.®â¤-­¨¥, 1981.{ 366 á. 2. “á⨬¥­ª® . . à®æ¥ááë âãà¡ã«¥­â­®£® ¯¥à¥­®á  ¢® ¢à é îé¨åáï â¥ç¥­¨ïå.{ €«¬ -€â :  ãª  Š §. ‘‘, 1977.{ 228 á. 3. ƒã¯â  €., ‹¨««¨. „., ‘ ©à¥¤ . ‡ ªàã祭­ë¥ ¯®â®ª¨.{ Œ.: Œ¨à, 1987.{ 588 á. 4. Wormley D. N.An analitical model for the incompress- ible ow in short vortex chambers // Trans. ASME, ser. D.{ 1969.{ 91, N 2.{ P. 264{276. 5. Œ ª à¥­ª® . €., ’ãਪ ‚. . Ž ¬ ªà®áâàãª- âãॠ¯à¨â®à楢®£® â¥ç¥­¨ï ¢ ¢¨åॢ®© ª ¬¥- ॠ// ‚¥áâ­¨ª  æ. â¥å. ã­ -â  “ªà ¨­ë \Šˆ": Œ è¨­®áâ஥­¨¥.{ 1999.{ N 35.{ ‘. 127{131. . €. Œ ª à¥­ª®, ‚. . ’ãਪ 51