Вариативность немецкого языка эмигрантов в Германи

Abstract

Статья посвящена изучению вариативности немецкого языка эмигрантов турецкого и славянского происхождения, проживающих в Германии. В частности, автором рассмотрены фонетические и лексические особенности, а так же новые грамматические явления в немецком языке. Ключевые слова: языковая ситуация, Германия, эмигранты

Стаття присвячена вивченню варіативності німецької мови емігрантів російського та турецького походження, які мешкають у Німеччині. Зокрема автор дослідив не лише фонетичні й лексичні особливості, а й нові граматичні явища німецької мови. Ключові слова: мовна ситуація, Німеччина, емігранти

The following article is devoted to the sociolinguistic analysis of the German language used among Turkish- and Russian-speaking emigrants living in Germany. Special attention is paid to the problems of phonetic and lexical peculiarities as well as to the new grammatical structures which are nowadays developing in the German language. All the mistakes in the German speech of the Turkish- and Russian-speaking emigrants arise due to the interference of their first (mother) tongue with German. Thus, the German phonetics of the Russian-speaking emigrants has the qualitative and quantitative reduction of vowels, change of the diphthongs quantity, and false assimilation. As for the mistakes in the German grammar, the Russian-speaking emigrants tend to use articles and prepositions incorrectly, omit linking verbs (haben, sein), and insert double negatives. As for the German syntax, the main problem here is with the word-order. When talking about the peculiarities of the German language of the Turkish-speaking emigrants, their main faults are found in grammar and vocabulary. They tend to make their speech more concise and omit both prepositions and articles, change verb endings, loan both Turkish swear-words and etiquette forms. The Turkish-speaking emigrants has even created their own sociolects called “Kanak Sprak” and “Kiezdeutsch” used among the Turkish youth especially on the internet. This area of linguistic studies seems to be very promising as each year more and more emigrants come to Germany, and they have to learn the language in order to have meaningful communication and integration into the German society. Keywords: linguistic situation, Germany, emigrants.